What is the direction of electron movement across poles in a conventional current model?

• A. Pos to Neg
• B. Neg to Pos
• C. Left to Right
• D. Up to Down

Answer: (B)

Electrons move from negative to positive. In the conventional current model we define current as the flow of positive charge from high potential to low potential, so the actual electrons, which are negatively charged, travel in the opposite direction—from the negative terminal toward the positive terminal of the source. This is why the external path shows electron flow Neg to Pos. The alternative directions correspond to the conventional current direction (Pos to Neg) or are not tied to the polarity of the terminals, so they don’t describe the actual electron movement. Inside the source, chemistry pushes electrons back toward the negative terminal, keeping the loop going, but externally the movement is from negative to positive.